Device MechanismThe Spark Care+ device mechanism is based on two main aspects- Artificial Intelligence (specifically neural networks) and sensors (Galvanic Skin Response and Photoplethysmography).
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Artificial Intelligence
Spark Care+ will include a verbal guide incorporated as part of music therapy. The questions asked by the guide will be centered around the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Sample HAM-A can be found in this link: https://dcf.psychiatry.ufl.edu/files/2011/05/HAMILTON-ANXIETY.pdf. HAM-D scale can be found: https://dcf.psychiatry.ufl.edu/files/2011/05/HAMILTON-DEPRESSION.pdf.
The framework for how Artificial Intelligence will analyze speech is shown below. Using parsing and pattern recognition, the device will extract key words for the music therapy session.
The framework for how Artificial Intelligence will analyze speech is shown below. Using parsing and pattern recognition, the device will extract key words for the music therapy session.
Furthermore, music will be selected based on a bottom-up system using machine learning. The main inputs include selection of all pieces of music, the key words from the communication session, and past stress levels from genres of music if applicable. Below is the mechanism, specifically designed for Spark Care+
Sensors
Sensors will detect heart rate, blood pressure, stress levels, mood type, anxiety, depression, and instantaneous change of mood while listening to music. This will back up verbal communication data and the device will learn how the specific music is affecting the participant.
The main sensors Spark Care+ uses is Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Photoplethysmogrpahy (PPG), Skin Temperature Probe, Thermometer sensor, and an Accelerometer.
Galvanic Skin Response (GSR):
GSR senses the Sympathetic nervous system which shows the instantaneous change of mood by detecting the eccrine glands also known as sweat glands. GSR is practiced when electrodes touch the skin to sense skin conductivity. Because of the extremely low voltage and the silicon cover the device will add (because silicon is semi-conductive), this is an entirely safe. As you can see in the picture below to the right, the sweat gland is beneath the skin surface but in the detectable range.
The main sensors Spark Care+ uses is Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Photoplethysmogrpahy (PPG), Skin Temperature Probe, Thermometer sensor, and an Accelerometer.
Galvanic Skin Response (GSR):
GSR senses the Sympathetic nervous system which shows the instantaneous change of mood by detecting the eccrine glands also known as sweat glands. GSR is practiced when electrodes touch the skin to sense skin conductivity. Because of the extremely low voltage and the silicon cover the device will add (because silicon is semi-conductive), this is an entirely safe. As you can see in the picture below to the right, the sweat gland is beneath the skin surface but in the detectable range.
The graph on the right indicates the accuracy and precision of the GSR in relation to emotional response.
Photoplethysmography (PPG):
Photoplethysmography is a sensor using light to penetrate the skin's surface and sense the blood vessels. The basic technology of PPG is used in popular smartwatches. As you can see in the picture below, the reflection off of the vessels and arteries will be sensed. This determines heart rate, heart variability, cardiac workload, blood pressure, and more.
Photoplethysmography (PPG):
Photoplethysmography is a sensor using light to penetrate the skin's surface and sense the blood vessels. The basic technology of PPG is used in popular smartwatches. As you can see in the picture below, the reflection off of the vessels and arteries will be sensed. This determines heart rate, heart variability, cardiac workload, blood pressure, and more.
Spark Care+ goes a step forward, not only providing basic heart information, but also about mental health disorders including anxiety and depression as shown in the data table below.
Other sensors- Skin Temperature Probe, Accelerometer, and Thermometer:
The skin temperature probe detects the continuous body temperature through skin to measure it. Although the probe is usually long, the version used in Spark Care+ will be a 3 cm. flexible clip embedded in the device.
The thermometer sensor will be used to compare the environmental temperature with the body temperature. There will also be an accelerometer to balance the measures from PPG based on how much the participant is moving whether they are running, walking, or sitting.
Model using Arduino:
This model of Arduino incorporates all of the sensors mentioned above. The below will be the base for the Spark Care+ wristband.
The skin temperature probe detects the continuous body temperature through skin to measure it. Although the probe is usually long, the version used in Spark Care+ will be a 3 cm. flexible clip embedded in the device.
The thermometer sensor will be used to compare the environmental temperature with the body temperature. There will also be an accelerometer to balance the measures from PPG based on how much the participant is moving whether they are running, walking, or sitting.
Model using Arduino:
This model of Arduino incorporates all of the sensors mentioned above. The below will be the base for the Spark Care+ wristband.